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Deterministic process using a precise interferometrically documented sub aperture tool to correct waveform errors by selectively removing material under a controlled and predicted process. It provides high performance finishing in less time than standard polishing techniques because of its precise control of the removal location and high removal rate.
Optical and imaging magnification is a ratio of image angular subtense to object angular subtense. Electronic, or linear, magnification is the ratio of monitor size to sensor size. For example, 13" monitors are between 38 and 39 times as large as 1/2" size format sensor cameras when comparing horizontal, vertical, or diagonal measures.
See also Doubler Tube, Telecentric Lens, Field of View (FOV), Sensing Area, Parfocality, Distortion
In an optical system, the ray that begins on-axis at the object plane. This ray encounters the edge of the pupils and stops, and crosses the axis at the object and image points. The marginal ray, therefore, defines the location of the object and image, and the sizes of the pupils.
See also Chief Ray, Paraxial Rays
A type of singlet lens with one convex (outwardly curved) surface and the other concave (inwardly curved). It has a positive focal length. Shows less aberrations compared to a plano-convex lens when used for infinite/finite conjugate imaging.
See also Singlet Lens, Infinite/Finite Conjugate
A technique for producing micron-size structures on surfaces by using short-wavelength light or electron beams.
Unit of measurement equal to 10-3 inches (0.001") or 0.0254 mm.
The minimum level of illumination required to produce a full video signal, expressed as luminous flux per unit area (lux or footcandles) through a specified imaging lens, without AGC.
See also Footcandle, Lux, Luminous Flux
The pulse bandwidth of a modulatable laser.
See also Laser
Rate at which optical radiation or a signal is varied through the use of a mechanical or electronic chopper, also called chopping frequency.
A measure of contrast, or visibility, with respect to spatial frequency. As a function of maximum and minimum intensity visible in the image, MTF continuously declines with increasing spatial frequency to zero contrast at a theoretical maximum frequency defined by the diffraction limit of the optical system.
See also Diffraction Limit, Resolution, Contrast
The forces that are offset (cantilevered) from the bearing centers of mechanical components producing uneven loading on the bearings. Uneven loading means that some bearings are supporting more of the load than others. Moment forces are categorized by the direction in which they act: pitch, roll or yaw. When loading results in moments acting in only one of the moment directions, it is called a single direction moment. If it is in more than one direction, it is referred to as compound moment loading.
See also Pitch, Normal Load Capacity, Roll, Yaw
Refers to one specific wavelength or color.
See also Polychromatic
A camera sensor that outputs grayscale images. Due to its low signal-to-noise ratio and high contrast, it is ideal for measurement applications.
See also Color Sensor
Optics Application Examples – Read our most popular Optics app note. Learn about detector systems, selecting the right lens, and building a projection system.
Laser Spot Size Calculator – Use our featured EO Tech Tool to determine spot size from user-supplied working distances.
EO Imaging Lab – Free training videos with imaging and illumination tips and tricks.
